Why zone? The answer is, to be able to avoid unnecessary traffic between devices participating in fabric and to enhance security. Therefore, even a small server room with SAN fabric is designed with two or more switches for redundancy. What if the switch itself goes offline? In that case, nothing can be done. A single switch with 8 ports can connect to 8 different devices or 4 devices (two connections per device for redundancy). In a traditional data center, fabric and the storage array is given more importance and are always redundant to avoid unexpected and unnecessary downtime. At most SAN directors will have the ports more than 250. Typically most SAN switches will have at least 8 to 16 ports. Each switch will at least connect to another switch and it is called an ISL (Inter-Switch Link). In a fabric, the initiator will be able to reach a target that is across many hops. This switched network is referred as Fabric. A switched network is a high-speed network with one or many fiber channel switches. Due to the limited number of ports available on the array, a switched network is necessary for it to connect to a large number of hosts. A storage array can be directly attached to a host. FC (Fiber Channel) switch is a networking device which enables hosts to connect with one or many storage arrays.
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